AlanFung:Lab Notebook/DNA Methylation: Difference between revisions

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(New page: '''DNA Methylation''' *Where 5 position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosines in the context of the dinucleotide sequence CpG *How *Response to stimuli diet toxins *Aberrant DNA methyla...)
 
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'''DNA Methylation'''
'''DNA Methylation'''


*Where
 
5 position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosines in the context of the dinucleotide sequence CpG
*What is DNA Methylation
It is the only genetically programmed DNA modification in mammals
 
''Where''
 
*Almost exclusively found on the 5 position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosines in the context of the dinucleotide sequence CpG
*CpG Island (G+C content of more than 50%; observed versus expected ratio for the occurrence of CpGs of more than 0.6; minimum size 200bp)
 
 
*Frequency
The majority (75%) of CpG dinucleotides throughout mammalian genomes are methylated


*How
*How
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Used to detect cancer at very early stages
Used to detect cancer at very early stages
  *Classify tumors
  *Classify tumors
*predict and monitor the response to antineoplastic treatment
*
''DNA Methylation Changes in Cancer''
*Tumor formation leads to a global loss of DNA methylation(hypomethylation)
initiating and propagate

Latest revision as of 21:52, 2 April 2009

DNA Methylation


  • What is DNA Methylation

It is the only genetically programmed DNA modification in mammals

Where

  • Almost exclusively found on the 5 position of the pyrimidine ring of cytosines in the context of the dinucleotide sequence CpG
  • CpG Island (G+C content of more than 50%; observed versus expected ratio for the occurrence of CpGs of more than 0.6; minimum size 200bp)


  • Frequency

The majority (75%) of CpG dinucleotides throughout mammalian genomes are methylated

  • How
  • Response to stimuli

diet toxins

  • Aberrant DNA methylation

Leads to cancer - where genome wide hypomethylation coincides with gene-specific hypermethylation


  • Usage

The epigenetic mechanisms controlling and modulating gene expression through chromatin structure Closely interacts with histone modifications and chromatin-remodeling complexes to form the genomic chromatin landscape Essential for proper mammalian development Crucial for imprinting Plays a role in maintaining genomic stability and dosage compensation Used to detect cancer at very early stages

*Classify tumors
*predict and monitor the response to antineoplastic treatment 
*

DNA Methylation Changes in Cancer

  • Tumor formation leads to a global loss of DNA methylation(hypomethylation)

initiating and propagate